Difference between revisions of "Cascading Style Sheets"

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* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Style_sheet_%28web_development%29 Use in web development]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Style_sheet_%28web_development%29 Use in web development]


=Other References=
=Other Links=


* [http://www.w3.org/2002/03/csslayout-howto.html.en W3.org article on tableless layout]
* [http://www.w3.org/2002/03/csslayout-howto.html.en W3.org article on tableless layout]
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* [http://www.csszengarden.com/ CSS ZenGarden]
* [http://www.csszengarden.com/ CSS ZenGarden]
* [http://www.cameraontheroad.com/?p=189 Camera on the Road Site]
* [http://www.cameraontheroad.com/?p=189 Camera on the Road Site]
* http://wdvl.internet.com/Authoring/Style/Sheets/Meyer/


=Example Sites=
=Example Sites=


* [http://www.cssplay.co.uk/ CSS Play]
* [http://www.cssplay.co.uk/ CSS Play]
* [http://www.tizag.com/cssT/liveExampleCss/ Tizag.com]
=Syntax References=
* http://www.tizag.com/cssT/reference.php
* http://www.htmldog.com/guides/cssadvanced/
* http://www.htmldog.com/guides/cssadvanced/atrules/
=Tutorials=
* http://www.w3schools.com/css/default.asp
* http://www.csstutorial.net/
* http://css.maxdesign.com.au/
* http://www.html.net/tutorials/css/introduction.asp
* http://www.sitepoint.com/subcat/css
* http://www.echoecho.com/css.htm
* http://www.westciv.com/style_master/academy/css_tutorial/
* http://www.pageresource.com/dhtml/indexcss.htm
* http://www.htmlgoodies.com/beyond/css/
* http://www.thenoodleincident.com/tutorials/css/
* http://www.cameronolthuis.com/2006/04/top-10-css-tutorials/
* http://www.bigbaer.com/css_tutorials/
* http://www.d.umn.edu/is/support/Training/Online/webdesign/css.html


=Incorporation into HTML=
=Incorporation into HTML=
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</pre>
</pre>


=CSS Syntax=
=Syntax=
 
Define attributes to be associated with an HTML tag as follows:
 
<pre>
<HTML tag> {  <CSS Property> : <Value> ; }
</pre>
 
eg.
 
<pre>
  body  {
    background-color: blue;
    background: url(/img/rock.gif);
  }
  p  {
    color: white;
  }
</pre>
 
==Using CSS Classes==
 
Using classes is simple. Add an extension to the typical CSS definition and make sure you specify this extension as the class in your HTML.  For example.
 
CSS Code:
<pre>
p.first{ color: blue; }
p.second{ color: red; }
</pre>
HTML Code:
<pre>
<html>
<body>
<p>This is a normal paragraph.</p>
 
<p class="first">This is a paragraph that uses the p.first CSS code!</p>
<p class="second">This is a paragraph that uses the p.second CSS code!</p>
...
</pre>
 
Here is a more complex example where overloading is used:
 
CSS Code:
<pre>
p{ color: red; font-size: 20px; }
p.first{ color: blue; }
p.second{ font-size: 12px; }
</pre>
HTML Code:
<pre>
<html>
<body>
<p>This is a normal paragraph.</p>
 
<p class="test1">This is a paragraph that uses the p.test1 CSS code!</p>
<p class="test2">This is a paragraph that uses the p.test2 CSS code!</p>
...
</pre>
 
==More Examples==
 
===background-color===
 
<pre>
h4 { background-color: white; }
p  { background-color: #1078E1; }
ul { background-color: rgb( 149, 206, 145); }
<pre>
 
===background-image===
 
<pre>
p { background-image: url(smallPic.jpg); }
h4{ background-image: url(http://www.tizag.com/pics/cssT/smallPic.jpg); }
</pre>
 
<pre>
p { 
background-image: url(smallPic.jpg);
background-repeat: repeat; }
h4 { 
background-image: url(smallPic.jpg);
background-repeat: repeat-y;}
ol { 
background-image: url(smallPic.jpg);
background-repeat: repeat-x;}
ul { 
background-image: url(smallPic.jpg);
background-repeat: no-repeat;}
</pre>
 
==Font==


====Colour====
See [[CSS Syntax]]
<pre>
h4 { color: red; }
h5 { color: #9000A1; }
h6 { color: rgb(0, 220, 98); }
</pre>


====Family====
=Documents=
 
<pre>
h4 { font-family: sans-serif; }
h5 ( font-family: serif; }
h6 { font-family: arial; }
</pre>
 
====Size====
 
<pre>
p { font-size: 120%; }
ol{ font-size: 10px; }
ul{ font-size: x-large; }
</pre>
 
====Style====
 
<pre>
p { font-style: italic; }
h4{ font-style: oblique; }
</pre>
 
====Weight====
<pre>
p { font-weight: 100; }
ul{ font-weight: bolder; }
</pre>
 
====Variant====
<pre>
p { font-variant: small-caps; }
</pre>
 
===Padding===
 
<pre>
p {padding: 15px; border: 1px solid black; } 
h5{padding: 0px; border: 1px solid red;}
</pre>
 
<pre>
p {padding: 2%; border: 1px solid black; }
h5{padding: 0px; border: 1px solid red;}
</pre>


* [http://www.performiq.com.au/kb/images/CSS2.pdf Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 CSS2 Specification]




Latest revision as of 15:41, 21 March 2008

Full Name

Cascading Style Sheets - Otherwise known as CSS

Information

A scripting language used to describe the presentation of structured documents. A structured document is a document whose sections are clearly defined and categorized. A program presenting the document can present it in different styles because the content has been categorized. One common style sheet language with widespread use is CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), which is used to style documents written in HTML, XHTML, SVG, XUL, and other markup languages. One of the most attractive features of structured documents is that the content can be reused in many contexts and presented in various ways. Different style sheets can be attached to the logical structure to produce different presentations.

When used in conjunction with HTML 4.0 (or later) and Javascript embodies what is known as Dynamic HTML or DHTML

Related Links

Also referred to by the abbreviation, CSS

Wikipedia Articles

Other Links

Example Sites

Syntax References

Tutorials

Incorporation into HTML

Incorporate stle sheets by inclusion of a file as follows: 

<link href="/css/common.css" media="handheld,print,projection,screen,tty,tv" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

Note the different media types...

The successful load of CSS files can be verified with Javascript as follows: 

  <script type="text/javascript">
    try {
      DynamicCss.addCssUrl('/css/print.css', 'print');
    } catch(e) {}
  </script>

Syntax

See CSS Syntax

Documents

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